Double-locking strip shingle



H. H. CHARLES DOUBLE-LOCKING STRIP SHINGLE Oct. 29, 1963 Filed Aug. 26} 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. HAROLD H CHARLES BY Oct. 29, 1963 H. H. CHARLES 3,103,405

DOUBLE-LOCKING STRIP SHINGLE Filed Aug. 26, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. HAROLD H CHARLES United States Patent 3,1tl8,4tl DGUBLE-KING S'IMli SHENGLE Harold H. Charles, Midlane Par-ii, Ky, assignor to Reynolds Metals Company, Richmond, Va., a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 26, 196i), er. No. 52,988 11 Qlairns. (Cl. 5ll230) This invention relates to roofing and, more particularly, to an improved strip shingle for use with similar shingles in forming the roofing structure.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved strip shingle having means for double locking of the same to cooperating shingles.

Another object is to provide a strip shingle formed from sheet material and presenting an attractive threedimensional ornamental appearance.

Another object is to provide a water-tight roofing formed of a plurality of strip shingles, the means for fastening a representative shingle to the building structure being covered by two other shingles.

A further object is to provide a roofing formed of a plurality of interlocked and shielded strip shingles arranged to reduce the possibility of leakage due to rain being blown under the shingles.

Still a further object is to provide a metallic roofing formed of a plurality of interlocked metallic strip shingles arranged to accommodate expansion and contraction forces.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds and when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a blank from which a pair of identical strip shingles may be cut without wastage of material.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a roofing during construction and indicating the interlocking relation of a plurality of strip shingles in accordance with the invention.

FIG. 3 is an exploded View of the several strip shingles taken along line 3-4; of FIG. 2, the thickness of the shingles being exaggerated.

FIG. 4 is a view to an enlarged scale of three strip shingles shown in stretched and interlocked relation and taken along line 44 of FIG. 2, and

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 55 of FIG. 2 and showing the three-dimensional effect of the shingle when installed in the roofing.

In accordance with the invention there is provided a strip shingle out without wastage from a sheet of material and having at its lower edge a series of truncated tri angular tabs whose apices are pointed away from a straight uppermost edge of the shingle. The tabs are separated from each other by a series of truncated triangular spaces whose apices are pointed toward the straight edge of the shingle. Formed in the body of the shingle is a fold extending parallel to the straight edge and providing a locking recess on the outer surface of the shingle. Each of the tabs has its lowermost portion folded inwardly to rovide an anchor hook engageable with the recess in a similar shingle lying two layers of roofing therebelow. In addition, the body of the shingle immediately adjacent the truncated edge of the spaces therein is also folded inwardly to provide another book portion engageable with the recess in a similar shingle lying one layer of roofing therebelow. By means of these hook portions the shingle is double locked to the remainder of the roofing. Moreever, each shingle is fastened to the building structure in such manner that the fastening is covered by two other shingles and with the shingle being stretched over the thickened region of the underlying shingle adjacent the Patented Get. 29, I963 recess therein in order to minimize the possibility of leakage. Furthermore, the inclined edges of each tab are bent downwardly and assist in preventing rain from being blown under the shingle while at the same time providing an attractive three-dimensional efiect for the roofing as a whole.

Referring now to FIG. 1, an elongated sheet 10 of material, which preferably, but not necessarily, may comprise 3003-H114 aluminum of a thickness of about 0.010 inch and of a width of about 22 inches, is provided as a blank from which two similar strip shingles are to be formed. By means of a suitable lancing apparatus a series of longitudinal cuts of equal length shown at ll, 12 and 113 are made in the sheet together with inclined cuts 14 and 15 of equal length generally transversely of the sheet. At the junction of cuts 11 and 14 a short reversely inclined cut 16 generally directed toward the straight edge 17 of the shingle 18 is made while at the junction of cuts 12 and 15 a mirror image short cut 19 is also made in the shingle 18. Likewise, a short reversely inclined cut 2% generally directed toward the straight edge 21 of the shingle 22 is made at the junction of cuts 13 and 14 while at the junction of cuts 13 and 15 a mirror image short cut 23 is also made in the shingle 22.

For a purpose later to appear, the material 24 of the shingle IS lying between dotted lines 25 and 26 is formed into the ceiling of a recess 27 (FIG. 4) by a suitable folding operation and with the recess extending parallel to the straight uppermost edge of the shingle. Also the material 29 lying between cut 13 and dotted line 28 is folded inwardly to form a first anchor hook at the lowermost edge of the truncated triangular tab 30. In addition the sheet material at 31 and 32 lying between cuts 11 and 12 and dotted lines 33 and 34, respectively, is folded inwardly to form second anchor hooks, one of which is seen at 32 in FIG. 4. An aperture 35 for a nail or other fastening is provided in the shingle 18 above the dotted line 25.

The triangular portions 36 and 37 lying inboard of cuts 14 and 15, respectively, are bent downwardly along dotted lines 38 and 39 into planes normal to the plane of the tab 39 and form shields, the shield 37 being seen in FIG. 4. In similar manner, the material of the sheet forming the companion shingle 22 is bent along the corresponding dotted lines seen in FIG. 1 to form another strip shingle similar to the described shingle 18. As will thus be apparent, no wastage of material of the blank 10 is involved in the manufacture of the present roofing elements. At its ends the blank is so cut as to bisect the space between two adjacent tabs, thus to provide for suitable abutment of shingles in the same course of roofing.

Passing now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the roofing may be rapidly assembled upon the building structure without the use of special tools or special accessories and without requiring highly skilled labor. For example, the starter strip 50 may be laid in place upon sheathing 51 and its covering 52 of paper or the like, with its leftmost edge extending about one-half to three-quarters of an inch beyond the roof edge AA and with the lower edge of its body portion above its tabs extending a similar distance beyond the roof edge B-B. This starter strip shingle is then fastened in place as by nails 53. The next strip shingle 64 is then positioned with its second anchor hook 55 in engagement with the recess 56 of the starter strip and after being pulled tightly toward the ridge of the roof, is then fastened in place by its fastening 57. Thereafter, a wood block may be used to bend the overhanging edge of the starter strip downwardly into contact with the fascia 58 to which it may be suitably fastened, the tab portions of this starter strip being trimmed away.

In like manner, each of the next strip shingles 6i and 18 are assembled in place to form an assembled roofing,

a portion of which is seen in FIG. 2. Referring now to FIG. 4, each of the shingles, except the starter shingle, in addition to being fastened to the sheathing 51 is also double-locked to its companion shingles. For example, the first anchor hooks 29 of shingle 18 engage tightly with the recess of the second distant shingle 54 which it overlaps and the second anchor hooks 32 of the shingle 18 engage tightly with the recess of the first distant shingle 69 which it also overlaps. It is preferred, when using aluminum as a shingle material, to employ a temper which insures substantial resilience in the shingle, a H-l14 temper having been found to be satisfactory. Thus, when shingle 18 (FIG. 4) is emplaced, a slight bending of the tabs of the same occurs where they are in contact with the three fold thickness of the adjacent shingle 60 near the recess therein. The resilience of shingle 18 then holds the two shingles in close contact even during expension and contraction thereof. This tight contact of the shingles in the region indicated at 61 cooperates with the shields now to be described and reduces the possibility of rain being driven under the roofing.

As seen in FIGS. 2 and 5, the shingle 18 includes the tabs 30, 30A, 30B and 36C separated by truncated triangular spaces Whose apices point toward the straight upper edge of shingle 18. The shields 36 and 37 at the sides of tab 30A increase in height from the lowermost edge of the tab to the region adjacent the bank of contact 61 where the tab 30A is stretched over the three-fold thickness of the shingle therebeneath. As seen in FIG. 5, these shields serve to enclose the space 62 under the tab 30A which necessarily extends further down the roof than do the second anchor hooks 31 and 32 associated in the same sheet 18 with tab 30A. This enclosure of the space 62 substantially prevents rain from being driven under the tab 30A and even if some rain were to enter thereunder it will would have to pass through the region 61 where tab 30A is in tight contact with the folds of the shingle 60 before it could pass to the region of the aperture for the fastening means. It further is to be noted that the fastening means of the shingles, such as 57 for shingle 54 in FIG. 3 is covered by two superimposed shingles.

Having thus described a roofing element and roofing employing the invention, various practical advantages of the same will now be readily apparent. Each of the shingles in the intermediate layers of the assembled roofing will not only be engaged by means of its recess with the first and second anchor hooks of the respective second and first distant shingles over-lapping the same, but in turn will be engaged by its own first and second anchor hooks with the recesses of the second and first distant shingles which it in turn overlaps. As defined herein, each shingle incorporated in this arrangement, is termed a doublelocking shingle. A sharing of wind loading as well as expansion and contraction forces thus results, giving a strong and reliable roofing assembly. The shingles may be made in convenient lengths, for example, ten feet, and are formed for end-to-end abutting arrangement without interruption of the alternate tab and space configuration. When the shingles being laid approach the ridge of the roof, a simple imperforate cap having parallel edges which fit into the recesses of the two uppermost shingles on opposite sides of the ridge is emplaced therein for completing the roof assembly. The inclined side edges of the several tabs of the shingles serve to form hexagonal exposed surfaces of the respective shingles, which, coupled with the three-dimensional effect produced by the side shields of those tabs, provides an attractive ornamental appearance for the roof as a whole.

As various changes could be made in the above described construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown on the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. A double-locking strip shingle having a longitudinally extending recess therein and having a fastening edge spaced from one side of said recess, and a plurality of first anchor hooks and a plurality of second anchor hooks integral with said strip shingle and spaced from the other side of said recess, said first and second hooks being located respectively at different distances from said recess and being laterally spaced in alternating relation from each other, said strip shingle being substantially fiat between said recess and said first hooks and between said recess and said second hooks, the recess being adapted for engagement by second anchor hooks of a similar first shingle immediately above said strip shingle and by first anchor hooks of a similar second shingle immediately above said first shingle, the second anchor hooks of said strip shingle being adapted to engage in the recess of a similar third shingle immediately below said strip shingle, and the first anchor hooks of said strip shingle being adapted to engage in the recess of a similar fourth shingle immediately below said third shingle.

2. A strip shingle as defined in claim 1 wherein said first and second anchor hooks are parallel to each other and of equal length with each other.

3. A strip shingle as defined in claim 1 wherein said first and second anchor hooks are parallel to each other and of equal length with each other, the adjacent ends of successive first and second hooks being longitudinally spaced in non-overlapping relation.

4. A strip shingle as defined in claim 1 wherein said shingle has a depending flange disposed intermediate adjacent ends of each pair of adjacent first and second hooks.

5. A roofing element comprising a sheet of material having an uppermost straight edge, a fold in said sheet parallel to said uppermost edge and presenting a locking recess at the outer surface of said sheet, a lower edge including a series of truncated triangular tabs having apices pointed away from said uppermost edge and spaced apart by a series of truncated triangular spaces pointed toward said uppermost edge, said tabs having a portion adjacent their truncated edges folded toward the under surface of said sheet to provide a plurality of first anchor hooks for said sheet, and the body of said sheet above and immediately adjacent the truncated edge of each of said spaces being folded toward the under surface of said sheet to provide a plurality of second anchor hooks for said sheet.

6. A roofing element as defined in claim 5 wherein at least a portion of the side edges of each of said tabs is bent downwardly into planes generally normal to the plane of the tab thereby to form shields for the space beneath said tab.

7. A roofing element as defined in claim 6 wherein said shields have a greater depth in the region of the said second anchor hook than in the region of the said first anchor hook.

8. A roofing including first, second and third sheets of material arranged in overlapping relation, each of said sheets including an uppermost edge, a fold in the sheet parallel to said uppermost edge and presenting a locking recess at the outer surface of the sheet, a lower edge including a series of truncated triangular tabs having apices pointed away from said uppermost edge and spaced apart by a series of truncated triangular spaces pointed toward said uppermost edge, said tabs having a portion adjacent their truncated edges folded toward the under surface of said sheet to provide a plurality of first anchor hooks for said sheet, and the body of said sheet above and immediately adjacent the truncated edge of each of said spaces being folded toward the under surface of said sheet to provide a plurality of second anchor hooks for said sheet, said sheets being mounted with the first anchor hooks of said first sheet in engagement with the locking recess of said third sheet, the second anchor hooks of said first sheet in engagement with the locking recess of said second sheet and the second anchor hooks of said second sheet in engagement with the locking recess of said third sheet.

9. A roofing as defined in claim 8 including in combination a building structure on which said roofing is assembled, means for fastening each of said sheets to said structure at a location on the sheet between the uppermost edge and the fold thereof, the fastening means for said third sheet being disposed beneath the body portion of said second sheet and the tab of said first sheet.

10. A double-locking strip shingle having a longitudinally extending recess therein and having a fastening edge spaced from one side of said recess, and a plurality of first anchor hooks and a plurality of second anchor hooks integral with said strip shingle and spaced from the other side of said recess, said first and second hooks being located respectively at different distances from said recess and being laterally spaced in alternating relation from References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 370,659 Sagendorph Sept. 27, 1887 1,024,808 Schwarz Apr. 30, 1912 1,410,299 Harshberger Mar. 21, 1922 1,583,969 Greenstreet May 11, 1926 1,609,127 Rachlin Nov. 30, 1926 1,643,445 Call Sept. 27, 1927 2,243,256 Miller May 27, 1941 

10. A DOUBLE-LOCKING STRIP SHINGLE HAVING A LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING RECESS THEREIN AND HAVING A FASTENING EDGE SPACED FROM ONE SIDE OF SAID RECESS, AND A PLURALITY OF FIRST ANCHOR HOOKS AND A PLURALITY OF SECOND ANCHOR HOOKS INTEGRAL WITH SAID STRIP SHINGLE AND SPACED FROM THE OTHER SIDE OF SAID RECESS, SAID FIRST AND SECOND HOOKS BEING LOCATED RESPECTIVELY AT DIFFERENT DISTANCES FROM SAID RECESS AND BEING LATERALLY SPACED IN ALTERNATING RELATION FROM EACH OTHER, SAID STRIP SHINGLE BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FLAT BETWEEN SAID RECESS AND SAID FIRST HOOKS AND BETWEEN SAID RECESS AND SAID SECOND HOOKS. 